Most Popular Car Models:
2008 Ferrari 430 Scuderia
2009 Nissan GT-R
2008 Ford Bullitt Mustang
2008 Dodge Viper SR10 ACR
2009 Porsche Cayenne GTS
2009 Dodge Journey
The Future Car that is predicted will sell and the Price Prediction expected:
2008 Dodge Challenger
On Sale: Early 2008
Expected Pricing: $25,000-$35,000
2008 Ferrari F430 Scuderia
On Sale: Spring 2008
Expected Pricing: About $220,000
2008 Ford Five Hundred
On Sale: Summer 2007
Expected Pricing: $23,000-$35,000
2008 Smart ForTwo
On Sale: January 2008
Expected Pricing: $12,000-$17,000
2009 Audi A4
On Sale: Spring 2008
Expected Pricing: Starting around $29,000
2009 Chevrolet Camaro
On Sale: Winter 2008/2009
Expected Pricing: Comparable to Ford Mustang
2009 Dodge Durango Hybrid
On Sale: Mid 2008
Expected Pricing: About $42,000
2009 Jaguar XF
On Sale: Spring 2008
Expected Pricing: $70,000-$90,000?
2009 Nissan GT-R
On Sale: June 2008
Expected Pricing: Low $70,000s
2009 BMW X6
On Sale: First Quarter 2008
Expected Pricing: Mid $60,000s
2009 Chrysler Aspen Hybrid
On Sale: Mid 2008
Expected Pricing: About $45,000
2009 Dodge Journey
On Sale: First Quarter 2008
Expected Pricing: Mid-$20,000s
2009 Mini Cooper Clubman
On Sale: First Quarter 2008
Expected Pricing: About $20,000
Monday, December 31, 2007
Friday, December 28, 2007
Exhaust System
An automobile exhaust system directs combustion products away from the passenger compartment, attenuates combustion noise, and often reduces harmful pollutants in the exhaust stream. The principal components of the system are engine's exhaust manifold, the muffler, the pipes connecting them, and exhaust-purifying Catalytic Converters.
An exhaust manifold does more than link the engine exhaust ports to the rest of exhaust system. It reduces combustion noise and transfers heat downstream to promote the continued oxidation of unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. The manifold therefore supplies some emissions control before the exhaust reaches a catalytic converter that may be fitted farther downstream.
The Muffler's main function is to reduce engine noise to an acceptable level. Engine noise is a jumbled collection of its fundamental firing frequencies, which range from about 100 to 400 hertz (1 Hz = 1 cycle/sec); overtones of these, and an extended range of "white noise" caused by resonance of the various component.
A muffler attenuates noise in three ways. Interior compartments called Helmholtz tuning chambers are tuned to setup canceling resonance of specific frequencies. Others, called broadband dissipaters, are design to reduce the energy of sound pulses and thus to attenuate a wide range of frequencies. Finally the muffler's absorptive surfaces function like sound-deadening wall and ceiling panels to absorb noise. In a typical "three-pass" design, the exhaust stream changes direction twice as it passes through separate compartments, each tuned to attenuate certain frequencies. When the exhaust gases finally pass out of the exhaust system through the tail pipe, their temperature, pressure, and noise have been greatly reduced.
The exhaust system design now also consider about pollutant contain throw away is limited in order not make many contaminated emission to the air and consider about the voice pollution. Concerning this matter now have been arranged by governmental regulation and run tightly.
Part of inside exhaust system:
An exhaust manifold does more than link the engine exhaust ports to the rest of exhaust system. It reduces combustion noise and transfers heat downstream to promote the continued oxidation of unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. The manifold therefore supplies some emissions control before the exhaust reaches a catalytic converter that may be fitted farther downstream.
The Muffler's main function is to reduce engine noise to an acceptable level. Engine noise is a jumbled collection of its fundamental firing frequencies, which range from about 100 to 400 hertz (1 Hz = 1 cycle/sec); overtones of these, and an extended range of "white noise" caused by resonance of the various component.A muffler attenuates noise in three ways. Interior compartments called Helmholtz tuning chambers are tuned to setup canceling resonance of specific frequencies. Others, called broadband dissipaters, are design to reduce the energy of sound pulses and thus to attenuate a wide range of frequencies. Finally the muffler's absorptive surfaces function like sound-deadening wall and ceiling panels to absorb noise. In a typical "three-pass" design, the exhaust stream changes direction twice as it passes through separate compartments, each tuned to attenuate certain frequencies. When the exhaust gases finally pass out of the exhaust system through the tail pipe, their temperature, pressure, and noise have been greatly reduced.
The exhaust system design now also consider about pollutant contain throw away is limited in order not make many contaminated emission to the air and consider about the voice pollution. Concerning this matter now have been arranged by governmental regulation and run tightly.
Part of inside exhaust system:
- High pressure waste gasses from the engine cylinder to catalytic converter
- Remove polutant from the gasses, then through a muffler
- Out of the tail pipe
- The muffler reduce noise level by allowing the gasses to expand in its perforated pipes.
Friday, December 21, 2007
Motorcycle
Motorcycle usually refer to a self propelled two-wheeled vehicle, most commonly powered by gasoline-fueled internal-combustion engine. There are exception, such as the occasional electrically powered bike and certain open three-wheeled vehicles that fall into the same category. Include as well as motor scooters, characterized by medium-sized engine (averaging about 200 cc) and fitted with relatively wide, small diameter wheel.Motorcycle History
Some of the earliest motorcycle experiments involved fitting steam engines to modified bicycles. Not until the advent of the gasoline engine, however, did motorcycle design assume serious and practical forms. Man who start to modify become a modern motorcycle are Nikolaus A. Otto, he developed the concept of a four-stroke engine, and Gottlied Daimler, who use Otto’s idea and in 1885 built a motorcycle powered by a single-cylinder air cooled engine, which developed one-half horsepower. Hildebrand brothers of Munich called their design a Motorad, the first commercial practical with water air-cooled, 1488 cc, four-stroke, two cylinder engine, it was capable of approximately 40 km/h (25 mph).
Several technical problems remained, including the lack of an effective means of transmitting power to the driving wheel. Customarily, a leather belt was employed, but this tended to slip when wet, and it frequently broke because of the jerky power impulses of early engines.
About 1900 a steel chain use to change a leather belts for power transmission. Disc brakes were employed on the motorcycle built by the Imperial Company of Great Britain as early as 1901. Overhead cams and valves, fuel injection, multi-gear transmissions, shaft drive and telescopic suspension all appeared prior to 1918.
Modern Motorcycle
Modern motorcycle have become lighter, faster and very specialized. Today a typical street bike has four cylinders with four carburetors, cast-aluminum wheels, at least one disc brake, a 5 or 6 speed transmission and a sophisticated electronic ignition system. Most larger street bikes are powered by four-stroke engines. Dirt, or off-road, bikes, on the other hand, typically have two-stroke, single-cylinder engines, although four-stroke single are regaining popularity.
National governments generally prescribe a certain equipment standards for motorcycles used on the streets. For example, in United States electrical switches and lighting equipment, hydraulic hoses and brake, tires and many other items must meet strict federal requirements.
Friday, December 14, 2007
Automobile History
History: 
The first automobile production began in France about 1890, but the first automobile gasoline appeared in Germany. Commercial production in United States began around 1900 and was qualitatively inferior to that in Europe. The Industry was an assortment of small firm, each tuning out a view car by handicraft methods. American automobile plants were assembly operation that use parts made by independent suppliers. By contrast, European companies were more likely to build the entire car themselves. The early firm originated in various ways – from bicycle makers, carriage and wagon makers, machinery operation of all kind and tinkerers. In 1976 the Motor Vehicle manufacturers Association had 11 members. This trend involve consolidation of some companies as well as elimination of the weakest firm. The same pattern emerge in Japan and Europe.
During the first year of production in 20th century, United States established a leadership position in automotive production that went unchallenged for half a century. This achievement was largely associated with Hendri Ford. After some false starts, he founded the Ford Motor Company in 1903 and five years later brought out the famous mode T, the first car to meet the needs of a mass market. To produce this car in quantity and at low cost, Ford introduced the movin
g Assembly Line technique of mass production in 1913 and thereby secured a dominant position in the industry.
The founding of general motors provided the organizational pattern for successful large-scale motor vehicle production over time. Durant’s ideas were systematized by Alfred P. Sloan. (1875 – 1966) in the 1920s. An additional important Ford contribution to the growth of the American automobile industry was his successful challenging of the Selden patent, claimed to be a comprehensive patent on the gasoline automobile and controlled by the Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers.
The first automobile production began in France about 1890, but the first automobile gasoline appeared in Germany. Commercial production in United States began around 1900 and was qualitatively inferior to that in Europe. The Industry was an assortment of small firm, each tuning out a view car by handicraft methods. American automobile plants were assembly operation that use parts made by independent suppliers. By contrast, European companies were more likely to build the entire car themselves. The early firm originated in various ways – from bicycle makers, carriage and wagon makers, machinery operation of all kind and tinkerers. In 1976 the Motor Vehicle manufacturers Association had 11 members. This trend involve consolidation of some companies as well as elimination of the weakest firm. The same pattern emerge in Japan and Europe.
During the first year of production in 20th century, United States established a leadership position in automotive production that went unchallenged for half a century. This achievement was largely associated with Hendri Ford. After some false starts, he founded the Ford Motor Company in 1903 and five years later brought out the famous mode T, the first car to meet the needs of a mass market. To produce this car in quantity and at low cost, Ford introduced the movin
g Assembly Line technique of mass production in 1913 and thereby secured a dominant position in the industry.The founding of general motors provided the organizational pattern for successful large-scale motor vehicle production over time. Durant’s ideas were systematized by Alfred P. Sloan. (1875 – 1966) in the 1920s. An additional important Ford contribution to the growth of the American automobile industry was his successful challenging of the Selden patent, claimed to be a comprehensive patent on the gasoline automobile and controlled by the Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers.
Thursday, December 6, 2007
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